To evaluate the genome size and heterozygosity of M. The reference genome information obtained in this research will be a valuable resource for promoting genetic improvement and understanding the biosynthesis of active ingredients of this medicinal plant. Transcriptome sequencing was also carried out to identify the candidate genes related to active compound biosynthesis. officinalis by nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technology to elucidate its genomic characteristics. In this study, we generated a high-quality genome for M. officinalis has not yet been reported, which restricts the development of functional genomics and molecular breeding of this plant. Whole-genome sequencing has been performed for many medicinal plants, such as Scutellaria baicalensis, Isatis indigotica, weeping forsythia, and Macleaya cordata 19, 20, 21, 22. officinalis can lay the foundation for improving the quality of these medicinal materials, accelerating molecular breeding, protecting wild resources, and aiding the discovery and utilization of functional genes 18. Thus, the breeding of promising new varieties is urgently needed. officinalis are becoming a severe issue, especially stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum, which is devastating 17. officinalis has led to germplasm depletion that seriously affects its quality and yield. officinalis has a long cultivation period of approximately five years moreover, its sexual reproduction cycle is complex.
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officinalis has become the primary source of related medicinal materials in China. officinalis market demand, especially in Guangdong Province 15. officinalis have been significantly threatened in China to a level risking extinction due to a sharp increase in M. In this province, Gaoyao District and Deqing County (Zhaoqing City) are authentic M. officinalis, accounting for approximately 90% of its output. In China, Guangdong Province is the main planting area for M. officinalis with aphrodisiac and immunomodulatory effects and antiosteoporosis, antidepression and antiinflammatory properties 12, 13, 14. Various pharmacological and clinical studies have linked M. officinalis mainly consist of glucose and fructose, which have antifatigue, antidepressant, and antiosteoporosis roles 10, 11. officinalis for dispelling wind and eliminating dampness 9. Monotropein, a kind of iridoid compound, has potent antiinflammatory and analgesic effects and is the main component of M. Anthraquinones are one of the main active components and mainly contain physcion, rubiadin-1-methylether, anthragallol-2-methylether, etc., which have various biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, anticoagulant, and antiviral activities 7, 8. officinalis contains anthraquinones, iridoids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, volatile oils, and other important compounds 5, 6. This work will facilitate genetic improvement and molecular breeding of this commercially important plant. officinalis genome evolution and active component biosynthesis.
![my visual database ehjrb my visual database ehjrb](https://www.121xz.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/1639539503812.png)
This study provides a valuable resource for understanding M. In addition, we also found that the DHQS, GGPPS, TPS-Clin, TPS04, sacA, and UGDH gene families-which include the critical genes for active component biosynthesis-were expanded in M. Furthermore, we identified many candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of major active components such as anthraquinones, iridoids and polysaccharides. Moreover, gene family analysis indicated that gene families associated with plant–pathogen interactions and sugar metabolism were significantly expanded in M.
![my visual database ehjrb my visual database ehjrb](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/tYMOcmdW1RI/maxresdefault.jpg)
Likewise, comparative genomic analysis showed no large-scale structural variation after species divergence between M. officinalis underwent core eudicot γ genome triplication events but no recent whole-genome duplication (WGD). Genome evolution analysis revealed that M. The genome includes 27,698 protein-coding genes, and most of the assemblies are repetitive sequences. The assembled genome size was 484.85 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 40.97 Mb, and 90.77% of the assembled sequences were anchored on eleven pseudochromosomes. officinalis using Nanopore single-molecule sequencing and Hi-C technology. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly of M. Its dried roots (called bajitian in traditional Chinese medicine) are broadly used to treat various diseases, such as impotence and rheumatism. Morinda officinalis is a well-known medicinal and edible plant that is widely cultivated in the Lingnan region of southern China.